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1、备份原始源列表文件
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak2、编辑源列表文件
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list3、添加阿里云镜像源
Debian 12：
# 默认使用阿里云镜像源
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib4、更新软件包列表
sudo apt update5、更新软件
sudo apt upgrade